The syndrome, also called Snapping Hip Syndrome is caused by overuse related to repetitive movement of the knee in flexion and extension.   It is common among long distance runners and cyclists.  Iliotibial band syndrome may also occur with excess genu varus (bow-legs), cavus feet or heel varus. The patient complains of diffuse lateral knee pain.   The onset of the pain is coincides with increased running activity.

Physical examination: Diffuse lateral knee pain and swelling in the iliotibial band region.   Careful evaluation needs to rule out lumbar disc pathology.

Pathogenesis: The iliotibial band runs from ileum to tibia and helps stabilize the knee joint.   Gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae muscles insert into this fibrous band and itself inserts into the lateral condyle of tibia.   The pain usually occurs while the patient runs downhill.   The iliotibial band impinges on the lateral condyle of the femur when the knee is flexed about 20-30 degree.   This friction may result in tenderness over the condyle of femur.

Therapy: The treatment consists of rest, stretching and occasionally local steroid injection.